goSafe Industrial Safety Blog

Why Not Continue to Use Ladder Cages?

Written by goSafe | Sep 11, 2025 3:00:00 PM

Ditching the Cage: Why Ladder Cages Are No Longer Your Safest Bet

For decades, ladder cages were a common sight on fixed ladders, offering what many perceived as a layer of safety for workers at height. The idea was simple: if you slipped, the cage would keep you close to the ladder, preventing a catastrophic fall to the ground. However, modern safety standards and a deeper understanding of fall dynamics have revealed that ladder cages can often do more harm than good. It's time to understand why these seemingly protective enclosures are being phased out in favor of far superior alternatives.

The Hidden Dangers of Ladder Cages

While a cage might seem to offer a "catch," a fall within its confines can be incredibly dangerous and lead to severe injuries. Consider these inherent risks:

  • Impact Trauma: If a worker loses their footing and falls within a cage, they can collide violently with the rungs, the cage itself, or even the ground below. This can result in:

    • Broken bones: Limbs can become wedged or strike hard surfaces, leading to fractures.
    • Head injuries: A worker's head can strike the cage or rungs, causing concussions, skull fractures, or even traumatic brain injury.
    • Internal injuries: The force of impact can cause damage to internal organs.
    • Spinal cord injuries: A sudden, uncontrolled fall and impact within the cage can lead to devastating spinal damage.

  • Entrapment and Asphyxiation: In a worst-case scenario, a falling worker can become entangled within the cage, leading to strangulation if their neck is caught, or asphyxiation if their breathing is restricted. Imagine a worker falling unconscious and becoming wedged; rescue becomes a complex and time-sensitive operation.

  • Difficult Rescues: When a worker falls within a cage, their position can make rescue extremely challenging. Emergency services may struggle to access the victim, prolonging the time before medical attention can be administered, which is critical in severe injury cases.

  • False Sense of Security: The presence of a cage can create a false sense of security, leading workers to be less vigilant about maintaining three points of contact or taking other necessary precautions. This overconfidence can ironically increase the risk of a fall.

One documented incident involved a worker descending a fixed cage ladder who lost his footing and fell 10 feet, fracturing both ankles. In another, a worker misjudged his position, leaning back where the cage no longer existed (cages typically end 7-8 feet from the ground), and fell over a railing, suffering fatal injuries. These examples highlight that cages do not reliably prevent severe injury or death during a fall.

OSHA's Evolution: From Cages to Comprehensive Fall Protection

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has recognized the limitations of ladder cages and updated its standards to promote more effective fall protection. Historically, cages were an acceptable form of fall protection for fixed ladders. However, this has changed. Below is a list showing how to be OSHA compliant when it comes to fixed ladders:

Under OSHA 29 CFR 1910.28(b)(9), for fixed ladders that extend more than 24 feet above a lower level:

  • For fixed ladders installed before November 19, 2018: They must be equipped with a personal fall arrest system, ladder safety system, cage, or well.
  • For fixed ladders installed on and after November 19, 2018: They must be equipped with a personal fall arrest system or a ladder safety system. Cages are no longer considered compliant fall protection for new installations.
  • Replacement Requirement: When a fixed ladder, cage, or well, or any portion thereof, is replaced, a personal fall arrest system or ladder safety system must be installed in at least that section.
  • By November 19, 2036: All fixed ladders over 24 feet, regardless of installation date, must be equipped with a personal fall arrest system or a ladder safety system. This signifies a clear mandate to phase out reliance on ladder cages as primary fall protection.

This regulatory shift underscores a commitment to proactive fall prevention rather than relying on systems that may exacerbate injuries.

Superior Alternatives: True Fall Protection

Thankfully, advanced fall protection systems offer significantly better safety for workers on fixed ladders. These are relatively simple, safe, alternatives to ladder cages that ensure long-term OSHA compliance:

Personal Fall Arrest Systems (PFAS)

A PFAS is a complete system designed to safely stop a worker's fall, limiting the force on their body and preventing them from hitting a lower level. Key components include:

  • Anchorage: A secure point capable of withstanding the force generated by a fall (e.g., a structural beam or a certified anchor point).
  • Full Body Harness: This essential component distributes the fall arrest forces across the worker's thighs, pelvis, chest, and shoulders, minimizing injury to any single area.
  • Connecting Device: This links the harness to the anchorage. Examples include:
    • Shock-Absorbing Lanyards: These stretch or tear to absorb energy during a fall, reducing the impact force on the worker.
    • Self-Retracting Lifelines (SRLs): These devices allow for freedom of movement but automatically lock and arrest a fall within inches, minimizing fall distance and limiting impact forces on the body.

Example: A worker climbing a tower might use a PFAS with a twin-leg shock absorbing lanyard. As they ascend, they attach one leg above them, then detach the leg below and continue upward in this manner. If a fall occurs, the lanyard engages and arrests the fall.

Ladder Safety Systems

These systems are specifically designed for fixed ladders and offer continuous fall protection. They typically involve:

  • Vertical Ladder Stanchion System: A vertical stanchion that is affixed to the top of the ladder. A self retracting lifeline is attached to the ladder, with a tagline attached to the connecting hook. The user uses the tagline to deploy the cable to their position and attach to the dorsal D-ring of a full body harness. The user can then ascend the ladder while maintaining continuous fall protection.
  • Vertical Lifeline (Cable or Rail): A continuous cable or rigid rail running the entire length of the fixed ladder.
  • Carriage/Sleeve/Trolley: A device that attaches to the worker's full body harness and glides along the vertical lifeline. In the event of a fall, it automatically locks onto the lifeline, arresting the descent.
  • Energy Absorber: Often integrated into the carriage or connecting device, this component helps to dissipate fall forces.

Example: A ladder leading to a rooftop might have a ladder safety system with a rigid rail. The worker clips their harness into a trolley on the rail. If they lose their grip, the trolley instantly engages, preventing a fall down the ladder.

In Conclusion

The evolution of safety standards and technology has shown that ladder cages, while seemingly protective, are outdated and can be dangerous. The shift towards Personal Fall Arrest Systems and Ladder Safety Systems reflects a proactive approach to worker safety, minimizing the risk of severe injury and fatality from falls. Employers who prioritize worker well-being are not just meeting regulatory requirements; they are investing in a safer, more productive work environment by adopting modern, effective fall protection solutions.

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goSafe offers a variety of Ladder Safety Systems designed to ensure the safety of anyone climbing a fixed ladder. Ladder Stanchion Systems are available in multiple materials and configurations, as standalone stanchions or as complete systems including an SRL. Ladder Davits with a Mechanical Lift make traversing fixed ladders through a ceiling hatch safe and easy. For more information on these systems and other Fall Protection equipment from Reliance, contact us at sales@gosafe.com

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